Unions (everywhere) for easy plumbing maintenance or removal. Valves for adjusting flow. If your pump is a little underpowered for the amount of water you are draining, you need a way to slow down the drain. A valve AFTER the pump will let you slow down the flow of an oversized pump if you are not draining enough to keep up.
The Herbie Method and BeanAnimal Failsafe Overflow Systems are also examples of where you need to have valves to control flow.